Consider the following assertion: The genesis of political alliances based on community lay in the very nature of the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms, 1919. Which of the following statements support/supports the above assertion? 1. Reforms retained and extended the principle of separate electorates. 2. Separate electorates were supposed to counter Indian nationalism, which was growing stronger. 3. Deprived classes rallied around the favours inherent in separate electorates. Select the answer using the code given below:
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A hard Indian History multiple-choice question from UPSC Prelims 2026. Attempt it above, then check the correct answer and detailed explanation below.
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Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3
All three support the assertion — the Montague-Chelmsford Reforms retained and extended separate electorates, which were meant to blunt the growing Indian nationalism, and around which deprived/community groups rallied, fostering community-based political alliances.
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